Insulator.



A. o. AUSTIN. y msULAToR. l( APPHCATION kFILED MAY 2/9, i916.Y

yPatented Oct. 15, 1918.

. To all'whom t may concern.'

breaking or impairing the insulator proper` l' I STATES PA TENT/OFFICE ARTHUR o. AUSTIN, 'or BARBERTON, oHIo; AssrGNoR 7ro '.rnEoHIo BRASS COMPANY,

or mANsFiELp, omo, A ooRPonAT-ION oF NEW JERSEY.4

f I NSULATOR Be it known that I, ARTHUR O. AUSTIN, a citizenl of the -United States, residing at Barberton, i'n the county of Summit and- State of Ohio, have invented certain new and-useful Improvements in Insulators, o-f which thefollowing is a specification.

This -invention relates to an insulator which comprises separable parts having different coefiicients of expansion, the insulator proper being of porcelain, glas-s, or some sim1l`ar material which is secured to or supported by a metal cap or pin of which the coeflicient of expansion ris different than that of the insulator, so that-when the parts are secured together, stresses will be set up in the most fragile element, due to the changes in temperature, which may be sufficient to disru t it unless means isprovided for relieving t e pressure. The object of the invention is therefore, to produce a new and improved construction, combination and arrangement of parts by which lany stress or strainjdue to unequalexpansmn and contraction of the parts may be relieved without or causing the separation of the parts. l

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of an insulator unit constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention, and Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. -1.

It has been found in insulator practice that due to. the different coefficients of expansion of metal and cement over that .lof

porcelian, glass or similar. materials, very severe stresses may be set up in the insulati tract setting up stresses in the porcelain due to the rigidit of the flange of the insulating member, t e contraction of the metal cap 4tending to shear ,off the 4boss or hub ofA the insulator. AThis is particularly true if the metal ca is very rigid. atits lower end or next to t e insulator flange as this tends to concentrate the stress and produce a shear which may start a crack in the insulatin member. By constructing the cap so that 1t These stresses may be so great as to Patented oet. 15, 191s.

will haveflexible or yielding pro erties the insulating member 'will be relieve of a great amount of mechanical stress which will reduceit to a'safe amount, thereby making the insulating units much more reliable, both electricallyand mechanically, than the same units without the yielding provision.

This insulating unit therefore lcomprises an insulatingvmember 4 of porcelain, glassorl 'any other suitable material with aneXtending flange and a' central hub or boss 5 adapted to be inserted in a cu #shaped recess 6 of a `metal suspension cap formed with a recess 8 in which a metal suspension in 9 is inserted and secured. The cap 7 is ormed at the top with asuspension socket 10 by means of which a' number `of insulator units v are connected together or suspended from a support, and the pin 9 is provided at its lower end with a head 11 adapted to be inserted in such a socket 10 in the well known manner. The cap portion of the cap is formed with acorrugated or The boss is also 4fluted edge 12, and on theinside of the recess withv a plurality of ribs 13 which serve to anchor a cap in the insulating member. If these ribs 13 were continuous they would serve also to strengthen the'cap and prevent its yielding or flexible action under eXpansionl or contraction; but by` breaking or spacing they ribs apart, as shown more clearly inFig. 2, this stiff'ening and strengthening tendency is overcome and the full yielding and flexible effect of the lowerv edge of the cap is maintained. The yieldingor'flexi-- bility of the cap is increased by making the,

sides fluted and the breaks between the ribs.`

the innermost part of 'each n are preferably at flutin Bot the inner surface of the reces-S8 the outer surface ofthe boss 5 which'iijsiin serted in the cap 7 is preferably formedwith-` la rough or uneven surface 14 which forms* means ofwhich the metal vparts are'secured a more secure anchorage for a cement 15 by 10o,L

to the insulating members This roughened i surface is preferably formed by applying to the glaze of the insulating member before it is fired, rough and uneven particles which adhere to the glaze, and when the insulating member is fired become a substantially integral' part of the .insulating member itself,

`the sharppoints or projections oitherou h lmaterial extending above the glaze-I of tv e insulating member and forming. a; substanaccomplishing the same result.

tial projection to which the cement 15 adheres very closely. The inserted end of the pin 9 is preferablyl formed with grooves 16 which anchor it more firmly in the cement lll, and between the innermost end of the pin and the recess of the insulating member a pad 17 of elastic or yielding material is inserted. Apad 1.8 of elastic or yielding material is also interposed between the lower edge of the cap 7 and the adjacent surface of the insulating lmember 4. This prevents the more or less sharp edge'of the cap 7 from abrading the surface of the insulator, therebypreventing checks and cracks-on the surface of the insulating member due to their relative movement under expansion and contraction.

IThis pad or gasket 18 also acts as a spacer andprevents the metal cap'from bearing directly on the I insulating member. If the gasket is of soft material it will yield, preventing the cap from bearing .on the insulating member and setting' up a high stress in edge of the cap tends to shear off the boss ofv the insulating member the resilient action of the tluted edge will prevent the 'shearing stress from becoming excessive.' The ribs, grooves andi projections of the insulator parts tend to hold them firmly anchored into the cement so that there will be no mechaniy cal separation', and the'pads 17 and 18 allow for a relative expansion of the parts due to different coelicients of expansion of the insulating member and the other members.-

--I claim:

1. An insulator comprising members having different coeihcients of expansion,.one of said members being formed with wavy sides to relieve .pressure in the other due to contraction thereof. y

2. An insulator comprising members adapted to be secured together, one of said members being of resilient material and hav-` ingi tluted portions therein adapted to give to al o w for the expansion or contraction of the other member.

3. An insulator comprising members secured together having diiierent coiiiecients of expansion. one of said members being formed to relieve pressure in the other due to expansion or contraction thereof, and anv interposed yielding pad at the base of one tion, of an insulating member havinga member to prevent it from bearing on the other due to, relative movement thereof.

4. In an linsulator, a ,suspension cap formed of metal, havinga hollow fluted por tion, and amember secured within the iuted portion having a different cotlicient of expansion than the cap. y

5. In an insulator, the combination with a suspensionca'p having a iiuted side, internal anchoring ribs broken at intervals to reduc'ejthe rigidity, an insulating'member within the ca and cement for holding the capland mem r together,.the said ribs-being anchored into the cement.

6. In an insulator, the combination with a metal suspension cap having a iuted depending portion withinternal ribs broken at lntervals, and an insulating member secured within the fiuted portion.

7. In an insulator, the combm'ationwlth a metal cap havinga suspension portion and a hollow fiuted portion connected thereto and with broken ribs within the luted poross adapted to be inserted within-the fluted portion, and a connecting cement lnterposed be- .tween the insulating member and the cap and anchored to the cap by the saidbroken ribs.' Y

8.v In an insulator, the combination with an insulating member having a boss and uneven 'substantlally integral pro]ect1oi1s on the boss, of ametal suspension member and f I resilient wavy portions integral w1th the 'suspension member adapted to extend `over the' boss of the insulating member havingv broken internal ribs, and a connecting ment interposed between the said ribs and l' the projections of the boss which are both anchored in the cement.

9. In an insulator, the combination with an insulating member, of a metal suspension member having an expansible shell adapted' to fit over a portion of the insulating mem-l ber, cement for connecting the insulating member and the metal suspension member,

and a resilient material interposed between the edge of thesuspension member and the adjacent surface of the porcelain to permit the relative movement of the parts due to their different coefficients of expansion.

10.'In an insulator, the combination with a metal suspension pin, of a metal suspension cap having a wavy resilient portion and an insulating member having a recessed boss which lits withinv the cap and in the recess of which thepin is located, and means for securing the cap and pin to the insulating member, the said resilient portion of the cap being adapted to relieve the strain due to the expansion or contraction of the parts.,

ll. In an insulator, the combination with a metal suspension pin and a metal suspending cap, of an insulating member interposed between them, and means for rigidly connecting the pin and the cap to Vthe insulator, the said cap being formed with a' wavy yielding portion without straining it to the breaking point due to the different coefficients of expansion of the member and the metal.

12. In an insulator, the combination with an insulating member, of ainetal suspend.

ing ,cap .cemented thereto having wavy yieldingl sides for permittinor expansion or contraction due to heat to relieve the member of thestrain of a rigid metal cap member. y

13. In an insulator, the combination with an insulating member formed with a projeeting boss, of a suspending cap secured thereto having arecessed portion adapted to fit over the boss and provided with wavy yielding sides which relieve the unequal pressure due to contraction of the cap.

14. In an insulator, a suspending cap having a cup-shaped portion for the reception of an insulating member and with a which permits of the rela- Itive expansion of the insulating member resilient uted side which yields under expansion or contraction. l

15. In. an insulator, a suspending ca having a iup-shaped portion withfinte sides" Iwhich extend over an insulating member,

and with internal ribs-fior anchoring the cement broken at intervals to lessen the stiffness of the sides.

.16. InI an insulator, a metal suspensiontwo subscribing witnesses, on this 26th day of May, A. D. 191e.

, ARTHUR o. AUSTIN. Vitnesses:

K. W. WONNELL,

A. J. CRANE. 

